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Carmakers Struggle With Electronic Parts Shortage
汽車制造商努力應對電子零件短缺
Carmakers -- including BMW, Fiat, Chrysler and Peugeot — warned this week that the worldwide semiconductor processor shortage will continue in 2021 and beyond. The shortage has affected both production and sales of automobiles.
寶馬、菲亞特、克萊斯勒和標致等汽車制造商本周警告稱，全球半導體處理器的短缺將持續到2021年及以后。這種短缺影響了汽車的生產和銷售。
Last year, carmakers had to shut down plants because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Now they have to compete with the consumer electronics industry for the limited supplies that were also affected by the health crisis.
去年，由于新冠肺炎疫情，汽車制造商不得不關閉工廠?，F在，他們必須與消費者電子行業競爭同樣受到這場衛生危機影響的有限供應。
Automobiles have become increasingly dependent on processors, also known as chips. They are needed for computers to help engines with better fuel economy and assist drivers in emergency braking.
汽車越來越依賴于處理器，即芯片。計算機需要用它們來幫助發動機提高燃油經濟性，并幫助司機緊急剎車。
Without a good supply of chips, carmakers have centered production on higher-profit models. The higher prices keep their businesses going even though they are selling fewer cars.
由于沒有充足的芯片供應，汽車制造商已將生產集中在更高利潤的模式上。盡管他們的汽車銷量減少，但更高的價格使他們的業務得以繼續。
Richard Palmer is the chief financial officer of Stellantis. The company sells cars under 14 brands including Fiat, Chrysler and Peugeot. He said the company did not expect chip supply to improve before the last three months of the year. That would mean a production loss of around 1.4 million vehicles for 2021.
理查德·帕爾默是斯特蘭提斯公司的首席財務官。該公司銷售菲亞特、克萊斯勒和標致等14個品牌的汽車。他表示，該公司預計芯片供應在今年最后三個月之前不會改善。這意味著2021年的汽車產量將減少約140萬輛。
BMW, so far, has been less affected by the chip shortage than others. That is because of its strong relations with its suppliers. But the German carmaker warned that there will be more problems during the second half of this year.
到目前為止，寶馬公司受芯片短缺的影響比其他公司要小。這是因為寶馬與供應商關系密切。但這家德國汽車制造商警告稱，今年下半年將出現更多問題。
"The longer the supply bottlenecks last, the more tense the situation is likely to become," BMW chief financial officer Nicolas Peter said in a statement. "We expect production restrictions to continue in the second half of the year." Those restrictions will cause a lower number of sales, he added.
寶馬公司首席財務官尼古拉斯·彼得在一份聲明中表示，“供應瓶頸的持續時間越長，形勢就可能變得越緊張。我們預計生產限制將在今年下半年繼續?！彼€表示，這些限制將導致銷量下降。
Slowing production
生產放緩
Carmakers such as Tesla and Ford have also warned that for the near future, a lack of chips is slowing production. "While we're making cars at full speed, the global chip shortage situation remains quite serious," Tesla CEO Elon Musk said last week.
特斯拉和福特等汽車制造商也警告稱，在不久的將來，芯片短缺將導致生產放緩。特斯拉首席執行官埃隆·馬斯克上周表示，“雖然我們正在全速生產汽車，但全球芯片短缺的情況仍然相當嚴重?！?/div>
German chipmaker Infineon Technologies confirmed the shortage on Tuesday. The company said the latest wave of COVID-19 cases slows the production of materials in Asia. And the amounts of goods available have now hit all-time lows.
德國芯片制造商英飛凌科技公司周二證實存在芯片短缺。該公司表示，最新一波新冠肺炎病例減緩導致亞洲材料生產減緩?，F在，商品供應量創下歷史新低。
Reinhard Ploss is the Chief Executive Officer of Infineon. He told economists that a sharp limit to supplies is hurting the recovery of worldwide car markets. He observed that "it will take time to get back" to a balance between supply and demand. "In our view, this will take until well into 2022," Ploss added.
萊因哈德·普洛斯是英飛凌公司的首席執行官。他對經濟學家表示，對供應的嚴格限制正在損害全球汽車市場的復蘇。他注意到，“恢復”供需平衡“需要時間”。普洛斯還表示，“在我們看來，這種情況將持續到2022年”。
The Ifo economic research group in Munich, Germany said Tuesday that the German car industry and its suppliers faced the worst chip supply shortage in 30 years. Its study showed that the shortage has affected 83 percent of companies, up from 65 percent in April.
德國慕尼黑的IFO經濟研究所周二表示，德國汽車工業及其供應商面臨著30年來最嚴重的芯片供應短缺。他的研究表明，短缺影響了83%的公司，高于4月份的65%。
Oliver Falck is an Ifo researcher. He said, "This is leading to production stoppages. The shortages of semiconductors will persist for some time to come."
奧利弗·福爾克是IFO的研究員。他表示，“這會導致停產。半導體的短缺將持續一段時間?！?/div>
I'm Jill Robbins.
我是吉爾·羅賓斯。
譯文為可可英語翻譯，未經授權請勿轉載！
